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	<title>Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History &#187; Le Tube</title>
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	<description>Influential Toronto nightclubs from the 1970s through 2000s. The stories of Then &#38; Now explore both Toronto after dark and the ways in which social spaces tend to foreshadow gentrification trends.</description>
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		<title>Then &amp; Now: Sparkles</title>
		<link>http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/11/then-now-sparkles/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Nov 2014 02:01:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Denise Benson]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[1970s]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[1980s]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dance Music]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Disco]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Funk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Wave]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Alan Gibson]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Atlantis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bacchus International Discotheque Services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Boogie]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Claudio Santon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CN Tower]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[David Kurtz]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DJ Iain McPherson]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Don Berns]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gareth Brown]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[George Andrew]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greg Howlett]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Heaven]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Horizons Restaurant]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[James K]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Juliana's Sound Services]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Julie Ley]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Le Tube]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pat Violo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paul Cohen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paul Grace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Peaches on Pears]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pukka Orchestra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Randy Charlton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RetrOntario]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sparkles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sunrise High]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[T.O.P.A.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Diamond]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Poles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tony Meredith]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vertigo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Victor Miller]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vince Degiorgio]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[<p>All photos in the gallery courtesy of the CN Tower Archives. &#160; Article originally published December 21, 2012 by&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/11/then-now-sparkles/">Then &#038; Now: Sparkles</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com">Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History</a>.</p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>All photos in the gallery courtesy of the CN Tower Archives.</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><em>Article originally published December 21, 2012 by The Grid online (thegridto.com).</em></p>
<h4>In this edition of Then &amp; Now, we travel back three decades—and up 1,100 feet—to revisit the CN Tower’s beloved in-house discotheque.</h4>
<p><strong>BY</strong>: <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/about/denise-benson/" target="_blank">DENISE BENSON</a></p>
<p><strong>Club</strong>: Sparkles, 301 Front St. W.</p>
<p><strong>Years in operation</strong>: 1979-1991</p>
<p><strong>History</strong>: When the construction of Toronto’s iconic <a href="http://www.cntower.ca/">CN Tower</a> began in February of 1973, few would have imagined it filled with strobe lights and spandex. The Canadian National Railroad’s Tower would be an impressive engineering feat, serving as both tourist attraction and a communications boon for radio and television broadcasters seeking a taller building on which to place transmitters for stronger signals.</p>
<p>The CN Tower opened to the public in June 26, 1976. At that time, the surrounding area was far from dense or residential. The north side of Front Street was largely parking lots, the Metro Toronto Convention Centre had not been built, nor had the SkyDome (now Rogers Centre). In fact, one accessed the Tower by walking through a pedestrian bridge—starting from where Rogers Centre is now—that crossed over sets of train tracks. There was a reflecting pool at the Tower’s base, and fields nearby.</p>
<p>In 1979, to coincide with the Tower’s third anniversary, one-third of the indoor observation level was developed into a discothèque. The goal was to attract diverse evening crowds to this floor, which lay below the Tower’s rotating <a href="http://www.cntower.ca/en-CA/360-Restaurant/Overview.html">360 Restaurant</a> and above the outdoor observation deck.</p>
<p><span id="more-1235"></span></p>
<p>The nightclub was given its identity as Sparkles by Thornhill resident Judy Godsman, winner of the <em>Toronto Star</em>’s “Name the Disco” contest, in August 1979. There were more than 15,000 entries, with other name suggestions including Cloud Nine, Glitters, and Infinity.</p>
<div id="attachment_609" style="width: 540px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-opening-invite-inside.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-609" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-opening-invite-inside.jpg" alt="Sparkles opening invite. Courtesy of Linda Keele." width="530" height="392" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Sparkles opening invite. Courtesy of Linda Keele.</p></div>
<p>Godsman and the 25 contest runners-up were invited to Sparkles’ Oct. 4 opening party. A preview article that appeared in the <em>Star</em> that day revealed that 500 guests would be entertained in the new $750,000 dance club by a disco fashion show. (Think flashing lights and skin-hugging jumpsuits.) Two more nights of launch parties followed.</p>
<p>In late-’70s Toronto, there were plenty of places to dance. The city’s more than two million residents finally had options outside of hotels, like Yorkville discos Checkers, Fingers (later known as Chimes), PWDs, Arviv’s, Mingles, and Remy’s. Yonge Street held Hotspurs, The Hippopotamus, Rooney’s, The Ports of Call’s downstairs disco, and more. Not so far away were after-hours hangouts including Le Tube and Katrina’s on St. Joseph, <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/10/then-now-stages/">Stages</a> on Yonge, and Peaches on Pears (named after its location on Pears Avenue). Said to be largest of all was Heaven, a glitzy disco in the bowels of the Hudson’s Bay Centre at Bloor and Yonge.</p>
<p>But Sparkles, built at 1,136 feet or 346 metres and promoted as “the highest nightclub in the world,” clearly had the height-and-view advantage. Open as a lounge by day and full-blown disco by night, it would operate every night of the week for more than a decade.</p>
<div id="attachment_608" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-from-Retrontario-post.jpg"><img class="wp-image-608 size-full" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-from-Retrontario-post.jpg" alt="Sparkles promotional shot from a 1982 CN Tower souvenir book. Courtesy of RetroOntario." width="635" height="385" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Sparkles promotional shot from a 1982 CN Tower souvenir book. Courtesy of RetrOntario.</p></div>
<p><strong>Why it was important</strong>: “Sparkles was definitely a destination,” says Randy Charlton, a manager at the club from 1980 to 1985. “We had a lot of regulars, and it was surprisingly busy considering attending wasn’t as easy as parking your car and walking in the door. There was the hassle of walking across the pedestrian bridge to get across the railroad tracks, then coming down an escalator, then going up an escalator, getting in line to pay your [usually $5] cover, and then going up an elevator 1,100 feet.</p>
<p>“On a calm night, it would only take a minute to take the elevator up but, if it was windy, the computers in the Tower would automatically slow the elevators to a quarter speed. At the end of the night, if a lot of people had stayed until then, there was always a line-up at the elevators. I think it’s a testimony to Sparkles being a really good experience for the patron that so many people came back week after week and went through the whole process.”</p>
<p>This journey was part of the adventure. When patrons first exited the elevators and walked in to Sparkles, they literally entered a different dimension.</p>
<p>“Think of the room as one third of a donut,” Charlton describes. “Right in the middle of that donut is a horseshoe-shaped dancefloor and an elevated DJ booth.”</p>
<p>The back of the DJ booth faced out over the city while the dancefloor was directly in front of it. Red booths and stainless-steel tables were positioned alongside windows that curved around the room. And although its view may have been Sparkles’ shiniest star, the club’s lighting and effects certainly commanded attention, too. There were more than 50 strobes, loads of neon tube lights, lasers, smoke machines, and so many bells and whistles that the DJ booth was said to resemble a plane cockpit because of its high-tech lighting-control panel. Mirrors reflected it all back while people also responded to Sparkles’ booming soundsystem.</p>
<p>The<em> New York Times</em>, reporting on Sparkles’ opening in an October 10, 1979 article titled “<em>A New High for Disco in Toronto’s Tower</em>,” stated that the sound and light system had been installed by John Savill, employee of Bacchus International Discotheque Services of London. (Savill passed away in the 1980s.) The <em>Times</em> also revealed that fellow Brit and Bacchus talent Paul Cohen, “a disc jockey who is working his way around the world,” was the night’s DJ. Cohen would go on to be one of Sparkles’ longest-serving resident spinners.</p>
<p>The fact that CN would hire an international DJ service to supply equipment and talent wasn’t a shocker—this was still a fairly common practice in hotels and more corporate environments—but it certainly surprised the local DJ community.</p>
<p>“There’d been great rumours about who was going to get hired at Sparkles,” recalls songwriter and producer <a href="http://www.discomusic.com/people-more/3302_0_11_0_C/">Vince Degiorgio</a>, then a DJ at Le Tube and employee of Disco Sounds, one of Canada’s earliest dance-music shops.</p>
<p>“The fascination of seeing Sparkles for the first time was there but, since nobody we knew got the DJ job, the feeling was ‘the outsiders are coming in,’ and people weren’t sure what to make of them. The first time I went up, I was completely horrified, because there was this guy from England and his people, and they talked over everything. To a disco purist, that was utter sacrilege. We would call ‘last call,’ but that was the only time in a bar you would ever use the microphone.”</p>
<p>That said, Degiorgio and many other local DJs did take in Sparkle’s sights and sounds.</p>
<p>“In the beginning especially, it was a real club and absolutely a place to go, although I don’t know how much people were going for the music,” Degiorgio recounts. “Sparkles was an <em>event</em>. A lot of people would go to the CN Tower first, and then they’d go to the after-hours spots, like Le Tube or even Peaches or Chimes, which stayed open until 4 a.m.”</p>
<div id="attachment_594" style="width: 610px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-cohen.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-594" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-cohen.jpg" alt="DJ Paul Cohen (right) with Sparkles waitress Suzanne. Photo courtesy of David Kurtz." width="600" height="457" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">DJ Paul Cohen (right) with Sparkles waitress Suzanne. Photo courtesy of David Kurtz.</p></div>
<p>One thing the Bacchus-hired DJs understood above all else: They had to do more than play music. They had to <em>entertain</em>. Paul Cohen, Sparkles’ on-and-off anchor DJ until the mid-’80s, is said to have set quite the example.</p>
<p>“I remember one Halloween, Paul was made up as Dracula, and we were all dressed up like pallbearers,” recalls Charlton. “At midnight, we carried a coffin through the crowd, and then Paul sprung out of it and started DJing.”</p>
<p>“Paul was one of the greatest DJs and entertainers I have ever met,” says David Kurtz, a Toronto-born DJ who started at Sparkles in 1979 as Cohen’s back-up, signed a contract with Bacchus, and played at the Tower until 1981 during his first stint there.</p>
<p>“Paul, who was my mentor and changed my life forever when he hired me, is someone I will always respect.” (Cohen later went on to DJ in the Middle East, but left the nightlife behind when he became a Jehovah’s Witness. He now lives in the U.S.).</p>
<p>Another DJ who enjoyed his dual residency with Cohen—Sparkles had two DJs on most evenings, trading back and forth between the decks and lights—was fellow Brit Alan “Gibbo” Gibson. Hailing from Birmingham, where he was an established DJ by the age of 19, Gibson arrived in Toronto in 1985 as a Bacchus talent who’d lived and played briefly in Norway, Thailand, and Germany.</p>
<p>“When Bacchus tried to hire me, I insisted on having [a residency at] Sparkles within a year of signing with them,” Gibson recalls. “They said it was impossible as it could only be local DJs, but we worked it out.”</p>
<p>At the age of 22, Gibson worked six nights a week alongside Cohen. He may have only landed a six-month work visa, but Gibson’s personality was so huge he made a lasting impression.</p>
<p>“Alan was a great mixer, and got up to all kinds of antics,” says Charlton, who later named a son after Gibson. “When we hosted a party for [Liberal Party candidate] John Turner, who was running for Prime Minister and later won, Alan stood in the background of a photo wearing those glasses where the eyeballs come up on springs. Any time anybody was in there shooting a news story, his head would pop up around the corner. He was certainly a character.”</p>
<p>“I wore a wig, red suit and tails, red bow tie, red shoes, and generally tried to be the life of the party,” says Gibson of the Turner party. “I liked to chat, be funny, do dedications, make fun of people or myself. I just had to play the clown, play the pop, and please the people. Hence, the wigs, pink suits, huge glasses, juggling, moonwalking, dancing on the speakers or the bar or the tables. I’d spin on my back on the floor when there was space. I even ate fire, but the low ceiling and fire regulations soon put paid to that! I also did magic tricks at tables during early evening or on quiet nights.”</p>
<div id="attachment_597" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles_Paul_Alanjp2.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-597" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles_Paul_Alanjp2.jpg" alt="Paul Cohen (left) and Alan Gibson (centre) with friends. Photo courtesy of Gibson." width="635" height="426" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Paul Cohen (left) and Alan Gibson (centre) with friends. Photo courtesy of Gibson.</p></div>
<p>While Charlton regales me with tales of Gibson mixing bits of Monty Python into Spandau Ballet’s “True,” the DJ mentions favourite tracks of the time including Pet Shop Boys “<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=maEvpPc6KCA" target="_blank">West End Girls</a>,” Talk Talk’s “<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXQYyKzyDaE" target="_blank">It’s My Life</a>,” Psychedelic Furs’ “<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OAMvTW3P3fM" target="_blank">Heartbeat</a>,” and Pukka Orchestra’s “<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-QfdHPoU300" target="_blank">Cherry Beach Express</a>,” which he plays to this day.</p>
<p>“I realized that, in a club like Sparkles, the music’s familiarity was key,” emphasizes Gibson by email. “[The patrons] were office workers on a night out, tourists looking for a good time, or girls and couples looking to hear the songs they heard on the radio.</p>
<div id="attachment_606" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-chart.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-606" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-chart.jpg" alt="Sparkles playlist. Courtesy of Alan Gibson." width="635" height="476" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Sparkles playlist. Courtesy of Alan Gibson.</p></div>
<p>“Sure, I could mix with the best of them, but I realized that our guests wanted to hear the three-minute pop song that they <em>knew—</em>not some poser DJ who could scratch, mix or whatever. I think I went against the grain compared to the rest of T.O. at that time.”</p>
<p>“I remember Alan as being a little bit fearless,” comments Degiorgio, who also co-ran T.O.P.A. (Toronto Programmers Association), an important 1980s DJ pool of which Sparkles’ DJs were members. “Alan was a fusionist; he was unafraid to play <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Romanticism" target="_blank">New Romantic</a> stuff alongside the productions of people like Bobby Orlando. He loves to be a part of the party.”</p>
<p>Following Gibson’s departure in late summer 1985, Toronto native David Kurtz returned to serve as Sparkles’ lead DJ for the next two years. By then, he’d worked for Bacchus in clubs across the U.K., Norway, Switzerland, and Thailand.</p>
<div id="attachment_595" style="width: 610px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-david-tony-and-kim.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-595" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-david-tony-and-kim.jpg" alt="David Kurtz (left) and Tony Meredith (right) with friend Kim Race at Sparkles. Photo courtesy of Kurtz." width="600" height="468" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">David Kurtz (left) and Tony Meredith (right) with friend Kim Race at Sparkles.<br />Photo courtesy of Kurtz.</p></div>
<p>Kurtz had learned more about the DJ-as-entertainer role, and was most frequently paired in the Sparkles booth with “my great partner in crime, Tony Meredith a.k.a. Tony T.”</p>
<p>Meredith, who’d been a regular on 1970s CityTV dance program <em><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9wU6G3Q9fA" target="_blank">Boogie</a></em>, had been hired at Sparkles after his dance group performed one night and he particularly impressed.</p>
<p>“I took the mic and energized the crowd,” says Meredith who then worked for years as a Sparkles hype man, lighting person, and DJ.</p>
<p>“Tony and I were more than just DJs,” says Kurtz. “We entertained, rapping and dancing in sync, back before most DJs even thought to do it. The music we played had rhythm and soul. We were very heavy into artists like Earth Wind and Fire, The Whispers, Kool and the Gang, and Rick James. We played mostly commercial stuff but, every now and then, we found some strange, great dance groove and played the hell out of it.”</p>
<p>“We had to swing it a bit to the audience that was there, but we got to take some chances too, like running Bette Midler’s ‘The Rose’ over rap beats—that kind of thing,” Meredith tells me in a phone call from Oslo, where he and Kurtz now both live. “Sometimes, we could go a little bit off, but at the CN Tower you had to be versatile. You had to create magic.”</p>
<div id="attachment_1605" style="width: 860px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Sparkles-from-Behind-DJ.jpg"><img class="wp-image-1605" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Sparkles-from-Behind-DJ-1024x768.jpg" alt="Photo courtesy of Alan Gibson." width="850" height="638" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Photo courtesy of Alan Gibson.</p></div>
<p>By all accounts, Sparkles’ crowds were a mix of suburbanites, tourists and downtowners, generally dressed with great care, ready to party and pose.</p>
<p>“The crowd was made up of the rich and famous as well as suburban yuppies and everything in between,” describes Kurtz. “The people who were regulars came out almost every night. They loved good music and danced to anything we threw at them. Our amps would overheat on the weekends, with the excessive heat caused by way too many people on the dancefloor and around the booth.”</p>
<p>Meredith recalls that some in the audience especially stood out.</p>
<p>“There were some regulars who’d just come in and go off,” he chuckles. “There was a model named Dorset who’d come in and dance and dance. There were a number of Korean and Filipino dancers who’d really get down. Certain people just added a whole lot while others sat and watched.”</p>
<p>Meredith also speaks highly of DJ Julie Ley, with whom he was partnered in the booth in the early ’80s.</p>
<p>“We had something special going on,” says Meredith of the DJ, who got her start at Sparkles. “Julie has such a beautiful personality and that great, raspy voice on the microphone. I called her ‘Tina Turner on the wheels of steel.’ We had so much fun, and would just blow that place out.”</p>
<p>Ley had been spotted working the door in a club by a Juliana’s Sound Services rep, who dug her voice, presence, and clear love of music. (Juliana’s bought Bacchus in 1982, and the two international companies provided club services under both names.)</p>
<p>“A few lessons, and they threw me into the lion’s den,” is how Ley describes it. “There I was, at the highest nightclub in the world! I had to find my own rhythm, not only in music but also in personality. I talked a lot on the mic, with a tambourine in hand, just getting down with the sound. We had three turntables, which made it interesting to play. There was lots of scratching, and double playing on the same song.”</p>
<p>One of only a handful of women spinning in Toronto at time, Ley went on to DJ for 20 years, becoming a lesbian icon as she injected huge energy and hits into mainstay clubs including Togethers, <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/11/then-now-chez-moi/" target="_blank">Chez Moi</a>, and The Rose.</p>
<div id="attachment_596" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Julie-Tony.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-596" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Julie-Tony.jpg" alt="Julie Ley (left) and Tony Meredith. Photo courtesy of Meredith." width="635" height="562" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Julie Ley (left) and Tony Meredith. Photo courtesy of Meredith.</p></div>
<p><strong>Who else played/worked there</strong>: Numerous DJs added their playlists and personalities to Sparkles over the years, including yet another Brit, DJ Tony TG. In the early-to-mid-1980s, Sundays featured the sounds of swing and big bands, with host Paul Fisher of CHFI. Mondays were devoted to oldies, with CFTR personalities Mike Cooper and Dan Williamson alternating from week-to-week.</p>
<p>There were occasional concerts, ranging from the jazz of Jim Galloway and The Metro Stompers to the new wave of Michaele Jordana of The Poles, a local band who had an underground hit in the form of 1977 single “CN Tower.”</p>
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<p>Sparkles also hosted loads of fashion shows, including one featuring the designs of Gloria Vanderbilt in 1980. But lesser-known is the fact that the disco was taken over by some cool overnight events that same year.</p>
<p>“These parties would go all night, from midnight on, in Sparkles and the entire indoor observation level,” explains Charlton. “They would go until daybreak; the party would end, and it would turn back into the observation level.&#8221;</p>
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<p>On Victoria Day weekend, a group of promoters and friends associated with the clubs <a href="http://www.thegridto.com/culture/music/then-now-stages/">Stages</a> and Dudes presented a spectacularly gay affair with Sunrise High, featuring star DJ Greg Howlett. More than 1,000 people attended.</p>
<p>Later in 1980, punks and new wavers got their all-night play time in the Tower at parties with names like Spaced Out and Paradise Lost. Not surprisingly, Sparkles was also a bit of a celebrity magnet.</p>
<div id="attachment_610" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-Paradise-Lost-party.jpg"><img class="wp-image-610 size-full" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-Paradise-Lost-party.jpg" alt="Paradise Lost memories. Courtesy of Isabel Moniz." width="635" height="822" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Paradise Lost memories. Courtesy of Isabel Moniz.</p></div>
<p>“There was no place anywhere else where there was a dance club 1,100 feet in the air, overlooking a major city,” says Charlton. “Sparkles drew its fair share of celebrities. Andy Gibb appeared in a Mirvish musical at The Royal Alex, so he was frequently up there. I remember Peter Fonda being up for an event, and Peter O’Toole, too, when he was in town shooting a TV version of <em>Pygmalion</em> with Margot Kidder.</p>
<div id="attachment_611" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-Spaced-Out-party-1980.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-611" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Sparkles-GTO-___-Sparkles-Spaced-Out-party-1980.jpg" alt="Spaced Out memories. Courtesy of Michael Sweenie." width="635" height="822" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Spaced Out memories. Courtesy of Michael Sweenie.</p></div>
<p>Meredith, being both personable and a great cook, became friends with people he met at Sparkles—including Gibb, Tina Turner, her piano player Kenny Moore, and members of The Harlem Globetrotters—and would host stars and Sparkles’ staff alike at his Dundas and Sherbourne condo. (Today, he’s a popular chef in Oslo and owner of cross-cultural restaurant The Backyard.)</p>
<p>There was, of course, also dozens of managers, bartenders, waitresses, and other staff that made Sparkles run over the years. Many mention managers including Ahmad Ali, Pepi (Margaret) Perenyi, and Guy LeBlanc. Gareth Brown, who would later make his mark as a rock promoter and manager of clubs including Rock &amp; Roll Heaven, was among Sparkles&#8217; security staff. Charlton, who later became main manager at <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/10/then-now-the-diamond-club/">The Diamond Club</a>, brought there with him Sparkles’ bar staff, including Pat Violo (co-owner of <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-catch-22/">Catch 22</a> and now Velvet Underground) and Caroline Toth.</p>
<p>Another early Sparkles bartender was Victor Miller, founder of the long running <a href="http://www.bartendingontario.com/">Bartending School of Ontario</a> and a familiar face for those who went to Toronto live music venues Piccadilly Tube and Blue Note. Miller still remembers logistical frustrations at Sparkles, including a constant lack of clean drink glasses and the club’s early adoption of an automated drink-dispensing system.</p>
<p>“The bar was computerized, and this was unique, but a real pain in the ass,” writes Miller in an email. “It did not allow us to make all the cocktails that were asked for due to poor programming by the management. It also did not allow us to monitor shots, so many would become quite drunk in a short time.</p>
<p>“Maybe the altitude had something to do with this fact. Many people dressed to the nines were sick in the elevator and lobby while leaving for home.”</p>
<p>The Tower’s elevators figure into many a story.</p>
<p>“I had one golden rule: before I got in the elevator to either go up or down, I went to the bathroom and peed first,” laughs Charlton. “In my five years, never once did I get stuck in an elevator, and I think I’m the only employee that didn’t.</p>
<p>“Also, I must say that I never got tired of looking out the windows. The view was absolutely outstanding. We were on the side of the Tower from which you could see the TD Centre and Bank of Montreal buildings, and Union Station. You could see the trace of the lake, all the way to Niagara Falls and the lights from Rochester on a clear night. Amazing.”</p>
<div id="attachment_1607" style="width: 860px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Sparkles-1.jpg"><img class="wp-image-1607" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Sparkles-1.jpg" alt="David Kurtz (second from right) and friends at Sparkles. Photo courtesy of Kurtz." width="850" height="542" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">David Kurtz (second from right) and friends at Sparkles. Photo courtesy of Kurtz.</p></div>
<p>Similarly, David Kurtz—now a marketing manager for Norwegian publications <em><a href="http://www.reis.no/">Reis</a></em> and <em><a href="http://www.travelnews.no/">Travel News</a>—</em>remains friends with many DJs he met at Sparkles, including fellow Toronto native Tony Meredith, the godfather of his children.</p>
<p>Sparkles got a sound and lighting overhaul in 1985, when management ended their contract with Bacchus/Juliana’s. Still, it remained busy right into the late-’80s.</p>
<p>DJ/producer <a href="http://dancemusic.about.com/cs/features/a/BioPaulGrace.htm">Paul Grace</a>, who played there for about three years following the club’s transition away from Bacchus’ DJs, shares some insights into the period.</p>
<p>“You’d think a place like that wouldn’t do so well, in terms of getting a solid local crowd, but they did,” he says. “I loved the space, and enjoyed working there, but I didn’t like the management. Things started to get <em>really</em> corporate. They’d even close the dancefloor down for certain corporate parties. You just don’t do that.”</p>
<p>While I was unable to locate anyone who could be specific about decisions leading to Sparkles’ closure, <em>Toronto Star</em> listings reveal that the venue was promoted as more of a dining room and lounge by early 1991. It closed later that year for renovations.</p>
<div id="attachment_1969" style="width: 663px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Vertigo-at-CN-Tower-flyer-Oct-93.jpg"><img class="wp-image-1969" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Vertigo-at-CN-Tower-flyer-Oct-93-786x1024.jpg" alt="Flyer for the Vertigo rave designed by Terence 'Teeloo' Leung (original was die-cut and folded). Courtesy of Claudio Santon." width="653" height="850" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Flyer for the Vertigo rave designed by Terence &#8216;Teeloo&#8217; Leung (original was die-cut and folded). Courtesy of Claudio Santon.</p></div>
<p>In May 1992, the space relaunched as pop, jazz and R&amp;B lounge, Horizons. Live acts like The Hi-Lites performed weekends while DJ <a href="http://www.georgeandrew.ca/">George Andrew</a> played similar sounds throughout the week. Occasional special events still took place in the venue, including the legendary Vertigo rave produced by Atlantis (Don ‘Dr. Trance’ Berns, Iain McPherson, Claudio Santon, and James K) in October of 1993.</p>
<p>Today, the space is known as upscale bistro and private event venue <a href="http://www.cntower.ca/en-ca/plan-your-visit/restaurants/horizons-restaurant.html" target="_blank">Horizons Restaurant</a>.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><em>Thank you to participants Alan Gibson, David Kurtz, Julie Ley, Paul Grace, Randy Charlton, Tony Meredith, Victor Miller, and Vince Degiorgio. Thanks also to Barry Harris, Claudio Santon, Ed Conroy of <a href="http://www.retrontario.com/">Retrontario</a>, Irene Knight (PR for CN Tower), Isabel Moniz, Linda Keele, Lorne Goldblum, Michael Sweenie, Timothy Hopton of <a href="http://www.bacchusdjservices.co.uk/">Bacchus</a>, and the <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sandoz1057?fref=ts">Vintage Toronto</a> community.</em></p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/11/then-now-sparkles/">Then &#038; Now: Sparkles</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com">Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History</a>.</p>
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		<title>Then &amp; Now: Komrads</title>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Sep 2014 20:04:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Denise Benson]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[1980s]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Crowd at Komrads. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker. &#160; Article originally published June 21, 2012 by The Grid online&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-komrads/">Then &#038; Now: Komrads</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com">Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History</a>.</p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Crowd at Komrads. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker.</strong></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><em>Article originally published June 21, 2012 by The Grid online (TheGridTO.com).</em></p>
<h4>In this edition of her nightlife-history series, Denise Benson takes us back to the after-hours nightclub that helped mobilize Toronto’s gay-rights movement in the 1980s.</h4>
<p><strong>BY</strong>: <a title="Posts by Denise Benson" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/about/denise-benson/" target="_blank">DENISE BENSON</a></p>
<p><strong>Club</strong>: Komrads, 1 Isabella St.</p>
<p><strong>Years in operation</strong>: 1985-1991</p>
<p><strong>History</strong>: In 1980s’ Toronto, street corners and dance clubs still served as essential meeting spots for gays and other marginalized communities. The stretch of Isabella closest to Yonge called out to many, especially after dark.</p>
<p>On the outer edges of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_and_Wellesley" target="_blank">Church and Wellesley-centred gay village</a>, the corner was close to popular homo haunts including Yonge Street’s St. Charles Tavern, Trax, and the Parkside Tavern, with gay dance club <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/10/then-now-stages/" target="_blank">Stages</a> above it. Nearby bathhouses were plentiful, Queen’s Park was still a major pick-up spot, and easy bar-hopping meant that gay men had lots of options even in those pre-<a href="http://grindr.com/" target="_blank">Grindr</a> days.</p>
<p>“The Yonge and Isabella area was really amazingly gay,” recalls event producer Maxwell Blandford, once a key figure in adventuresome Toronto clubs and now based in Miami. “Many bars, along with stores like Northbound Leather, were within a couple of blocks and infused thousands of gay people into that corridor.</p>
<p><span id="more-1015"></span></p>
<p>“There were loads of transsexuals, rent boys and other sex workers, cross-dressers, goth kids, punk-rockers, and glam-rockers hanging out around <a href="http://www.houseoflords.ca/index.php" target="_blank">House of Lords</a>. There was loads of cruising all over that area. You could find anything anywhere and at any time.”</p>
<p>The upper level at 1 Isabella was a known hub. In the 1970s, it had housed discos including Mrs. Nights and Cheetah Club. Come the early ’80s, it was the original home of influential alternative spot <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/11/then-now-domino-klub/" target="_blank">Domino Klub</a>. That club gave way to notoriously tough gay-and-straight dance club Oz, which boasted entrance hallways designed to look like yellow brick roads.</p>
<p>Alain Plamondon, who would become one of Toronto’s most beloved gay DJs, was a busboy at Oz. He tells the story of 1 Isabella’s transition into Komrads, a club he helped build and would go on to work at as busboy, server, bartender, lighting man, and, eventually, DJ.</p>
<div id="attachment_524" style="width: 510px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Alain-Plamondon.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-524" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Alain-Plamondon.jpg" alt="Alain Plamondon (right) with friend. Photo courtesy of Plamondon." width="500" height="500" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Alain Plamondon (right) with friend. Photo courtesy of Plamondon.</p></div>
<p>“Basil Mangano was the owner of the space at 1 Isabella,” Plamondon begins in an email. “He hired John Burt to be a manager near the end of Oz’s existence. John was well-known in the community, and extremely active in gay politics. He convinced Basil to close down Oz to build a club that would bring class to the gay community.</p>
<p>“Komrads, with its shiny, stainless-steel dancefloor, hi-tech sound and lighting—including pink and purple neon lights—was a hit, and the talk of Toronto’s gay community when it opened in August of 1985.”</p>
<div id="attachment_535" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-shines.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-535" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-shines.jpg" alt="Komrads shiny dancefloor. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker." width="635" height="437" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Komrads shiny dancefloor. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker.</p></div>
<p><strong>Why it was important</strong>: Open seven nights a week, with a café serving food from the afternoon onwards, Komrads was a safe and well-maintained club that cared about its gay clientele. The club boasted not only state-of-the-art sound, but also the largest dancefloor of any Toronto gay club at the time.</p>
<p>“John Burt was good at attracting crowds,” says George Fichna, one of Komrads’ longest-serving weekend doormen; he had also worked for landmark local gay bars Club Manatee and St. Charles’ Maygay room.</p>
<p>“John kept the place looking nice, with new carpets, paint, marble countertops on the bars, overhead TVs in the dining room, and so on.”</p>
<div id="attachment_530" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-John-Burt-left-doorman-David.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-530" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-John-Burt-left-doorman-David.jpg" alt="John Burt (left) with Komrads doorman David. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker." width="635" height="434" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">John Burt (left) with Komrads doorman David. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker.</p></div>
<p>Partly as a result, Komrads often entertained crowds of 500 to 1,000 people, many of them spilling in from other bars after the 1 a.m. last call.</p>
<p>“For a while, Komrads was the only permanent after-hours club around,” Fichna explains. “In the early days, the bar closed at 1 a.m. and then served coffee, water, or soft drinks. Later, they served under the table.”</p>
<p>Whatever time the crowds arrived, Komrads was a key gathering spot for a community that had grown increasingly organized and politicized. The <a href="http://www.xtra.ca/public/National/The_1981_Toronto_bathhouse_riots-9730.aspx" target="_blank">1981 Toronto gay bathhouse raids</a> marked a turning point in the community’s fight back against police harassment and other forms of discrimination.</p>
<div id="attachment_529" style="width: 418px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Gregory-Plytas-and-friend.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-529" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Gregory-Plytas-and-friend.jpg" alt="Gregory Plytas (left) and friend in the Komrads stairwell. Photo courtesy of Plytas." width="408" height="332" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Gregory Plytas (left) and friend in the stairwell. Photo courtesy of Plytas.</p></div>
<p>A gay and lesbian liberation movement swelled as queers across this country fought against censorship, worked to win key human rights (we were awarded provincial protection in 1986 when “sexual orientation” was added to the Ontario Human Rights Code as a prohibited ground for discrimination, with the federal equivalent granted only in 1996), and mobilized against the onslaught of HIV/AIDS as it took the lives of far too many friends, lovers, and talented people.</p>
<p>“We were fighting for our rights in the ’80s, and Komrads was the place to go to celebrate our political ‘wins,’ with John Burt at the helm,” Plamondon says. “We chose to celebrate life, and had a ‘We’re not going to take crap from anyone’ attitude. We celebrated and we had a political voice at Komrads.”</p>
<div id="attachment_531" style="width: 612px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-matches.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-531" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-matches.jpg" alt="Komrads matches. Photo courtesy of Andrew Boyd." width="602" height="270" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Komrads matches. Photo courtesy of Andrew Boyd.</p></div>
<p>At the time, gay and lesbian bars were an intrinsic part of our liberation movement. The dancefloor served as rallying point as much as it did a place to party. For a number of years, Komrads set the pace with its size and unequivocally gay programming.</p>
<p>In the 1980s, the music in gay bars was notably different than most straight dance spots. Whether playing disco, hi-NRG, new wave, underground house, or more commercial house, gay DJs leaned towards remixes, re-edits, and 12-inch extended versions of songs.</p>
<p>Good DJs break new ground, and Komrads’ star resident, Greg Howlett, was one of this city’s best. (Visit the <a href="http://www.mixcloud.com/Then_And_Now/" target="_blank">Then &amp; Now Mixcloud page</a> to hear a number of live mixes by Howlett recorded at other venues.)</p>
<p>“Three or four months after Komrads opened, John hired Greg Howlett,” recalls Plamondon. “With Greg at the turntables, Komrads’ success was sealed. Greg played the best that dance music had to offer. He was brilliant.”</p>
<p>Dundas, Ontario native Howlett had played in clubs both straight and gay, including Le Tube, Mrs. Knights and Stages, and came to Komrads as an already-established trendsetter.</p>
<p>“Greg was a risk-taker, and often the first DJ to play songs,” recalls Vince Degiorgio, a good friend of Howlett’s who had DJed alongside him and is now involved in music publishing.</p>
<p>“Because of Greg, there’d be this stampede to stores like Starsound, J’s, and Disco Sound to get what he was playing. Numerous DJs would sit with notebooks, writing down what he played in order to copy what he was doing.</p>
<p>“Greg’s mixing was positively sublime and built a rush. He was a legitimate rock star long before DJs were allowed to be. And he was unique—not in a two-hour residency gig, but in a four-nights-a-week, never-let-you-go, I’m-gonna-peak-your-brains-out style.”</p>
<p>Howlett packed Komrads’ dancefloor during its first few years, but then left the club to work next door at equally popular gay bar Chaps (9 Isabella St., now a Rabba). Howlett played at Chaps until late into his fight against HIV/AIDS. He passed away in 1992, and is reported to have left Komrads in response to internal management struggles.</p>
<div id="attachment_528" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Gerry-Nault-Greg-Howlett.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-528" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Gerry-Nault-Greg-Howlett.jpg" alt="Gerry Nault (left) and Greg Howlett. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker." width="635" height="432" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Gerry Nault (left) and Greg Howlett. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker.</p></div>
<p>Plamondon tells me that John Burt resigned as manager after three years at Komrads.</p>
<p>“John, it was his baby, but politics came into play, and Basil and him parted ways in business. John left in the middle of Komrads’ success, and his leaving changed everything.” (Burt chose not to respond to questions about Komrads while Mangano could not be reached for comment.)</p>
<p>Following Howlett, a number of DJs stepped up to Komrads’ turntables at a time when competition was stiff—not only with Chaps next door, but also Club Colby’s at 5 St. Joseph St. and <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/12/then-now-boots/" target="_blank">Boots &amp; Buds</a> at 592 Sherbourne.</p>
<p>Lighting man and Starsound Records’ employee Gerry Nault became the key Komrads resident until he too became too sick to DJ. After him, DJs including Carlos C, Kevin Laforme, and Allan Young played for years, but Komrads was equally popular for its live performances.</p>
<p>“Komrads was a dance club, yes, but it was always meant to showcase dance artists and female impersonators as well,” explains Plamondon.</p>
<div id="attachment_526" style="width: 300px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Bronski-Beat-ticket.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-526" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Bronski-Beat-ticket.jpg" alt="Bronski Beat ticket courtesy of Andrew Boyd." width="290" height="604" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bronski Beat ticket courtesy of Andrew Boyd.</p></div>
<p>“Divine was featured twice, and was a huge cult hit both times. Many more would perform, like Sylvester, Thelma Houston, Loleatta Holloway, Bronski Beat, and Jennifer Holliday, from the original cast of <em style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; text-align: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: transparent;">Dreamgirls</em>.</p>
<p>“Our most successful concert event was by Village People. Unlike the other acts, Village People were promoted on MuchMusic, and much to everyone’s surprise, 80 per cent of the crowd was straight. We gave local talent the spotlight as well; I have great memories of watching Eria Fachin perform her huge hit anthem “<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJRulBTlfS4" target="_blank">Savin’ Myself.</a>””</p>
<div id="attachment_534" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Randy-Cole-as-Tina-Turner.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-534" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Randy-Cole-as-Tina-Turner.jpg" alt="Randy Cole as Tina Turner. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker." width="635" height="432" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Randy Cole as Tina Turner. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker.</p></div>
<p>Komrads also featured some of this city’s greatest female impersonators, including <a href="http://www.clga.ca/npc/subject/80" target="_blank">Craig Russell</a>, star of the film <em style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; text-align: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: transparent;">Outrageous!</em>, and members of legendary drag troupe The Great Imposters such as Randy Cole, who frequently performed as Tina Turner.</p>
<p>Years later, professional female impersonator Stephanie Stephens, now known for her troupe The Imposters and for her own take on Tina Turner, would perform Thursday and Saturday late nights at Komrads. The show, named Hot Spot, also featured performers including Dale Barnett (The Great Imposters), Jackae Baker, and Komrads’ doorman Tony Brown, who appeared on stage as Toni.</p>
<div id="attachment_537" style="width: 515px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Stephanie-Toni.jpg"><img class="wp-image-537" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-Stephanie-Toni.jpg" alt="Poster courtesy of Stephanie Stephens." width="505" height="650" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Poster courtesy of Stephanie Stephens.</p></div>
<p>“I will always remember Toni Brown,” says Stephens. “She was the head doorman and wore short spandex pants, and a weightlifting belt around her tiny waist. Toni was eight feet tall, with a James Brown perm. We were friends, and she used to make me laugh, asking people for ID or asking a drunken queen to leave the club, calling them ‘Mary.’</p>
<p>“We had the only late-night show and after-hours crowd, and the place was packed,” Stephens tells me. “It was the spot for drag shows and good DJs. Komrads was lively and welcoming, with little attitude. There was a real sense of community; people seemed to care about what was happening around them.”</p>
<div id="attachment_1556" style="width: 860px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-Stephanie-Stephens-Omar.jpg"><img class="wp-image-1556" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-Stephanie-Stephens-Omar.jpg" alt="Stephanie Stephens (left) with Komrads doorman Omar. Photo courtesy of Stephens." width="850" height="654" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Stephanie Stephens (left) with Komrads doorman Omar. Photo courtesy of Stephens.</p></div>
<p>With its gender inclusive door policy—Komrads was one of the only gay men’s clubs of the time that welcomed women, both gay and straight—late nights, and capacity crowds, the club attracted audiences who mixed more comfortably some evenings than others.</p>
<p>Doorman Fichna recounts a favourite memory.</p>
<p>“I remember a night when a group of girls came in with some straight young men, and we had to remind them that they were in a predominately gay place so if they got a pinch or a grope, they should let it pass. If they started a fight, they’d get thrown out.</p>
<p>“Two of the guys went to the washroom, and then behind them a transsexual. I had a feeling so I stood in the can and watched. The two young men were apart with a urinal in between them, and the [trans woman] stood in front of it, hiked up her dress, and proceeded to urinate. The two boys finished up quick, and got the hell out of there. When she came out I asked, ‘You just couldn’t just use the toilet stall like a lady, could you?’ She replied, ‘It was more fun that way.’ I agreed.”</p>
<p><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-packed-dancefloor-3.jpg"><img class="aligncenter wp-image-1557" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-packed-dancefloor-3.jpg" alt="Komrads packed dancefloor 3" width="635" height="432" /></a></p>
<div id="attachment_533" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-packed-dancefloor-2.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-533" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-packed-dancefloor-2.jpg" alt="A packed dancefloor. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker." width="635" height="432" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Packed dancefloors. Photos courtesy of Shawn Riker.</p></div>
<p><strong>Who else played/worked there</strong>: Bars often rise or fall based on the word-of-mouth created by their staff. Komrads employed dozens of popular young men, with bar staff including Todd Gibbons, Tom Paradis, Bradford Paolini, and Roger Reynolds mentioned frequently, along with doorman Omar and a beloved manager named Beatrice.</p>
<p>Popular gay producer/DJ <a href="http://www.shawnriker.com/" target="_blank">Shawn Riker</a> was a key Komrads employee—maintaining the sound, doing lights, acting as a manager and more—long before he would co-found current gay hotspot<a href="https://www.facebook.com/FlyNightclubToronto" target="_blank"> FLY Nightclub</a>.</p>
<p>Some of today’s best-known local gay DJs—including Plamondon, Mark Falco, and Cory Activate—DJed at Komrads during its final years.</p>
<p>DJ Scott Cairns became Komrads’ Saturday late-night resident at the close of the 1980s, and recalls playing a mix of underground and crossover house along with more commercial sounds.</p>
<p>“When I first started there, Komrads was basically just another gay dance club, except it stayed open late,” says Cairns. “Because of this, it cleaned up.”</p>
<div id="attachment_1558" style="width: 810px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-Allan-Tam-Jackae-Baker.jpg"><img class="wp-image-1558" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-Allan-Tam-Jackae-Baker.jpg" alt="Jackae Baker (right) with Allan Tam on Halloween, 1990. Photo courtesy of Tam." width="800" height="567" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Jackae Baker (right) with Allan Tam on Halloween, 1990. Photo courtesy of Tam.</p></div>
<p>By 1990, however, this was no longer the case. Komrads had lost much of its crowd. Gay men had flocked to after-hours dance clubs like <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/08/then-now-the-twilight-zone/">Twilight Zone</a>, and went on to frequent weekly events hosted at mixed clubs like <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/10/then-now-the-diamond-club/" target="_blank">The Diamond</a>, <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-boom-boom-room/" target="_blank">Boom Boom Room</a>, and <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-tazmanian-ballroom/" target="_blank">Tazmanian Ballroom</a>.</p>
<p>Komrads’ owner Basil Mangano approached innovative promoter Maxwell Blandford, who’d been the force behind Tazmanian Ballroom’s successful Rock &amp; Roll Fag Bar weekly, in 1990.</p>
<p>“Basil asked me to take Komrads over and try to revive the venue,” says Blandford.</p>
<p>He agreed on the condition that Mangano would renovate and allow Blandford to reinvent the space. Blandford created a club-within-a-club as he developed a front-room pub dubbed The Amazon Queen.</p>
<p>“We bought the inside of a 1940s gentleman’s club that I found in the Beaches, and installed it,” he says. “We opened with a Madonna <em style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; text-align: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: transparent;">Truth or Dare </em>premiere party benefiting the <a href="http://www.pwatoronto.org/index.php" target="_blank">Toronto PWA Foundation</a>, and hosted a voguing ball with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willi_Ninja">Willi Ninja</a>.”</p>
<p>The Amazon Queen also featured Vancouver singer Naomi McLeod (who’d sung with Sarah McLachlan and Skinny Puppy) performing under the persona of Dolly Kelekatrone, and a selection of tunes that ranged “from Nina Simone to Jimi Hendrix.”</p>
<p>Blandford also hired DJs including Cairns, Falco, and Mark Oliver to play “socially relevant house music” in the club’s main dance club area.</p>
<p>“By the time of Amazon Queen, all bets were off,” Cairns recalls. “There was a new attitude and all that high-energy cha-cha music was pretty much abandoned.</p>
<p>“We all bonded over Warp Records, and the label’s output of records like LFO, Tricky Disco, and Sweet Exorcist’s ‘Testone,’” adds Cairns, who would later make his name at clubs including Chaps, The Phoenix and <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-joy/" target="_blank">JOY</a>.</p>
<p>“This UK bleep techno, along with deeper house sounds, were finally breaking into the more mainstream clubs. Amazon Queen and Max brought in a cooler crowd, although that period was more sparse than in the club’s heyday.”</p>
<p>Parties with titles like Fruit Machine and Electric Ass may have brought in trendier gays and celebrities including Boy George, Deee-Lite, George Michael, Depeche Mode, and Adeva, but Blandford couldn’t revive a done deal.</p>
<p>“Our biggest attraction was probably that we served liquor after-hours like a booze can, and never seemed to have any issues,” Blandford admits. “I was told that the reason we were able to remain open was because there was a serial killer targeting gay people on the loose, and the police believed that he was hanging out in Komrads so, by allowing us to stay open, they were able to get better leads. There were always loads of cops in Komrads after hours, and we were never shut down or given a ticket so the story made sense.”</p>
<div id="attachment_532" style="width: 645px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-outside-entry.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-532" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Komrads-GTO-___-Komrads-outside-entry.jpg" alt="People often gathered on the street outside of Komrads. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker." width="635" height="432" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">People often gathered on the street outside of Komrads. Photo courtesy of Shawn Riker.</p></div>
<p><strong>What happened to it</strong>: According to Plamondon, Komrads closed in the spring of 1991.</p>
<p>“Komrads closed when Basil sold to the people from Colby’s,” adds Blandford; “Basil gave no notice whatsoever. We just showed up one day and the doors were locked.”</p>
<p>By summer, 1 Isabella St. had re-opened as Bar 1.</p>
<p>“I was fired and later rehired,” recalls doorman Fichna. “When I came back, it was Bar 1, and Basil had his fingers in it again.”</p>
<p>Some of Komrads’ later DJs, including Falco, Cory Activate, and Plamondon—now at The Barn and DJ of the 13-year-strong Retro Drama Sundays at<a href="https://www.facebook.com/Zipperz/" target="_blank"> Zipperz/Cellblock</a>—also played at Bar 1. It closed in 1995.</p>
<p>1 Isabella would later host clubs with names like Generations, Radius, and Spincatz, but will long be remembered as Komrads.</p>
<p>“I think Komrads employed a lot of flamboyant gay people who would have had a tough time being themselves working in other venues,” summarizes Blandford. “The volume of clientele that Komrads and the other clubs produced allowed gays to have a serious physical presence, and empowered gay people to rally against homophobia and create community spirit though those dark times.</p>
<p>“Komrads was the anchor of that corner and, as it died, sadly much of the gay presence at that corner ended.”</p>
<p>Today, the site is home of Yonge Street Fitness. [Addendum: Yonge Street Fitness closed doors in December 2013. The space remains vacant.]</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><em style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; text-align: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: transparent;">Thank you to all who participated, with a special nod to the very helpful Alain Plamondon. Thanks also to Shawn Riker, John Wulff, Gregory Plytas, Allan Tam, Andrew Boyd and the members of Facebook group <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/2764476345/?ref=ts" target="_blank">Komrads Nightclub Survivors</a>.</em></p>
<p><em style="font-family: inherit; font-size: 100%; font-weight: inherit; font-style: italic; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; text-align: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; background: transparent;">Late gay activist Rick Bébout provided invaluable history through his important online memoirs, <a href="http://www.rbebout.com/bar/contents.htm" target="_blank">Promiscuous Affections: A Life in the Bar, 1969-2000</a>.</em></p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-komrads/">Then &#038; Now: Komrads</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com">Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History</a>.</p>
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		<title>Then &amp; Now: Club Z</title>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Sep 2014 16:47:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Denise Benson]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[1980s]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[After-hours]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Disco]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Electro]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Freestyle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hip-Hop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[House]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Wave]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bamboo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Charles Khabouth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chico and Sherwin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CKLN 88.1FM]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Club Focus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Club Manatee]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Club Z]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Condo Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cube]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dave Ahmad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[De La Soul]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dino & Terry Demopoulos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DJ JC]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Eleven Residencies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fashion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fresh]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Grandmaster Flash]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[INK Entertainment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jeffrey Jah]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Johnbronski]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Joyce Sims]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kongo Club]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Le Tube]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Newcleus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Playground]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rawlinson Cartage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[St. Joseph Street]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Starsound Records]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Steve Bolton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Steve Ireson]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stilife]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sunshine Sound Crew]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Copa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Guverment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Pad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Twilight Zone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ultra]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Voodoo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Warren Webley]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Yonge Street]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Anything could happen at Club Z. Photos courtesy of INK Entertainment. Article originally published February 16, 2012 by The Grid&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-club-z/">Then &#038; Now: Club Z</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com">Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History</a>.</p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Anything could happen at Club Z. Photos courtesy of INK Entertainment.</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><em>Article originally published February 16, 2012 by The Grid online (TheGridTO.com).</em></p>
<h4>In this instalment of her ongoing nightlife-history series, Denise Benson looks back at the first club creation of Toronto nightlife magnate Charles Khabouth. At just 22 years old, he opened Club Z in 1984, but its groundbreaking legacy lives on to this day.</h4>
<p><strong>BY</strong>: <a title="Posts by Denise Benson" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/about/denise-benson/" target="_blank">DENISE BENSON</a></p>
<p><strong>Club</strong>: Club Z, 11A St. Joseph Street</p>
<p><strong>Years in operation</strong>: 1984-1989</p>
<p><strong>History</strong>: Tracing the history of this city’s nightlife tells us much about its physical transformation and urban development. Nowhere is this more obvious than at the corner of Yonge and St. Joseph. Here, we’ve recently seen a few significant buildings largely demolished as part of their ongoing metamorphosis into <a href="http://www.fivecondo.com/" target="_blank">Five Condos</a>.</p>
<p>I had often wondered about the physical similarities between the original red brick buildings at 610 Yonge, 5 and 11 St. Joseph, and 15 St. Nicholas, but only recently noticed <a href="http://www.torontohistory.org/Pages_ABC/11_St_Joseph_Street.html" target="_blank">the plaque</a> on 11’s easterly side. It turns out that moving and storage company Rawlinson Cartage built all of them, with the warehouse space of 11 St. Joseph constructed between 1895 and 1898.</p>
<p>Gay Torontonians who socialized in the 1970s and early ‘80s will remember 11A St. Joseph as popular all-ages discotheque Club Manatee, a three-level spot where the DJ booth was in the bow of a boat hanging above the crowd.</p>
<p>In September of 1984, directly after the Manatee&#8217;s closing, a 22-year-old Charles Khabouth debuted as a nightlife entrepreneur by opening Club Z in that very location. Now known as the CEO of <a href="http://www.ink-00.com/" target="_blank">INK Entertainment</a>, whose many impressive properties include The Guvernment, La Société Bistro and the Bisha hotel/condo project, Khabouth started with just $30,000 and a desire to fuse his love of music, fashion and dance.</p>
<p><span id="more-939"></span></p>
<p>At the time, unlicensed (hence all-ages) after hours clubs were more common. <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/08/then-now-the-twilight-zone/" target="_blank">Twilight Zone </a>had opened in 1980 and was a bold new force on Richmond Street; Kongo Club (later Club Focus) would soon open on Hagerman; and Club Z neighbours Le Tube and <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-voodoo/" target="_blank">Voodoo </a>drew large fashion-conscious crowds, both gay and straight, with blends of new wave and alt disco.</p>
<p>“Back in those days, most nightclubs were limited to the confines of hotels,” recalls Khabouth. “In the early ’80s, the St. Joseph Street area was known to be the more underground social hub of nightlife. That area at night had an energy and vibrancy about it—an aura that you couldn’t get in hotel clubs. It had a bohemian feel, which is why it appealed to me.”</p>
<p>Khabouth describes Club Z’s aesthetic as “Do it yourself industrial design,” with much of the décor reportedly purchased at Canadian Tire. The club was bare bones, dark, but splashed with neon paint and squiggly lasers projected onto screens. It was multi-level, with two dancefloor/stage areas, high ceilings and a raised DJ booth accessed by a ladder. The back of the club contained a juice bar and video games like Pac-Man.</p>
<p>Club Z’s soundsystem was huge, and the space was reportedly licensed for 700-plus, but attendance was dauntingly low at first—until Khabouth rented a tiger to build buzz.</p>
<p>“After only being open for two months, and having no budget for advertising a Halloween event, I had to be creative,” he explains. “I had heard about a zoo up north that had tigers, and before I knew it, I had one delivered to the club. My office at the time had a large window and was street level, so it made for the perfect observation space. It caused quite the commotion.”</p>
<p>That’s an understatement. The tiger smashed the window in the early morning, and though still confined by a metal grille, it drew large crowds of people, the police, and the Humane Society. The incident made headlines and Club Z became a sensation.</p>
<div id="attachment_327" style="width: 410px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Club-Z-GTO-___-CharlesK_ClubZ_1-e1329407203491.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-327" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Club-Z-GTO-___-CharlesK_ClubZ_1-e1329407203491.jpg" alt="Charles Khabouth was only 22 years old when he opened Club Z in 1983." width="400" height="538" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Charles Khabouth was only 22 years old when he opened Club Z in 1984.</p></div>
<p><strong>Why it was important</strong>: Club Z was one of Toronto’s first clubs to feature breaking sounds in dance music, with house mixed alongside freestyle, electro, early hip-hop and new wave. Khabouth himself took regular trips to New York, Detroit and Chicago “To hunt for new sounds in record shops.”</p>
<p>Music was central to creating an atmosphere that brought together a diverse downtown crowd Friday-through-Sunday, with Sundays a dedicated gay night that included drag shows.</p>
<p>“The crowd was very urban and eclectic,” recalls Toronto house music bricklayer Dino Demopoulos, who got his DJ start at Z, playing with twin brother Terry on occasional Fridays.</p>
<p>“There were a lot of alternative types there, the kind of freaks that you only had in the ’80s,” he says lovingly.</p>
<p>“During the Charles years Club Z was very hip downtown,” agrees journalist, DJ and then-Starsound Records employee Johnbronski, a regular at the club who later tended to its sound system.</p>
<p>“Gay, straight, new wave, hip-hop, disco, black, white, Chinese, Indian—it didn’t matter because the music came first. Remember, no booze was sold; it was just a big warehouse type space for dancing to some serious bass. The shared love of hip-hop and dance music culture was a very big part. You really needed to have an ear to the streets to know what was up back then.</p>
<p>“It was a place where a teenager could escape,” Johnbronski adds. “You’d sneak out of your house at midnight and head downtown, meeting and making new friends that you’d only see between 1-to-6am on weekends. Teachers and school friends thought I was making up stories about an all-ages dance club that opened at 11pm.”</p>
<p>Khabouth, who could often be found by the club’s front door, built his own career foundations at Z. He’s clearly proud of it to this day.</p>
<p>“I believe that Club Z pioneered a whole new music direction and a generation of club culture in Toronto. That’s why I am still looking for the latest sounds, and still find it crucial to invest in the best sound systems. Music is everything, and it’s the soul of any club.”</p>
<p>Club Z’s rise, in fact, can be heavily attributed to its star DJ: JC of the Sunshine Sound Crew, a Z resident from 1985-1988, long before he helmed the Phoenix’ famous Planet Vibe Sundays.</p>
<p>“Club Z was really all about JC,” says Demopoulos. “His talent put Z on the map because the club was known for having a shit-hot DJ playing all the best electronic music in Toronto, in my opinion. Though he didn’t play that much house, he covered a lot of ground musically, from Kraftwerk and Alexander Robotnik to New York electro and freestyle stuff like <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=55SoUsFtJLg" target="_blank">Debbie Deb’s &#8216;Look Out Weekend,</a>&#8216; and just a lot of great club music like Denise Edwards, Joyce Sims, Nu Shooz, Madonna, and Colonel Abrams.</p>
<p>“JC was also the first DJ that we saw who had a drum machine—a Roland 808—up in the booth, and he would do much more than just play records. He was super professional at what he did, the most technically perfect DJ we had ever heard, so he really raised the bar for what a DJ could and should do in a club. He was that good.”</p>
<p>Dino &amp; Terry were Club Z regulars, not only listening to and learning from JC, but also throwing occasional parties there and guest DJing alongside Dave Ahmad during his Friday night tenure between 1986-87.</p>
<p>“We’d been DJing at house parties, school parties and things like that,” says Demopoulos; “But this was our first real club, playing the kind of music that really changed our lives and put all the rest of our music career things in motion.</p>
<p>“At the time, pretty much only the Twilight Zone was playing underground house from Chicago, Detroit techno and New York stuff, and we were pretty crazy collectors of anything in the genre. We would take all the latest and greatest white labels and hard to find stuff to play at Club Z on Fridays. A fun story: we used to make sure to pour very stiff drinks for Dave Ahmad so that he would get really drunk and let us play for longer. He was so cool, and really progressive with the underground music at the time. Although JC would play some underground house stuff, Dave and us played a lot more of it.”</p>
<p>As for Ahmad himself, he’s one of Toronto’s true dance music pioneers. From 1981-2000, he hosted a variety of programs on CKLN 88.1FM, most notably influential Sunday afternoon program <em>Dave’s Dance Music</em>. He also DJed at Toronto hotspots including <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-the-copa/">The Copa</a>, Twilight Zone and Fresh.</p>
<p>“We played mainly house, but threw in some heavier electro and some wave; <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wp43OdtAAkM" target="_blank">Kate Bush’s &#8216;Running Up That Hill</a>&#8216; was a big one then,” Ahmad recalls of his Fridays at Z. “The crowd loved their music, but took time to rock out to anything new.</p>
<p>“I remember breaking out &#8216;<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKdauPfcUcc" target="_blank">Erotic City</a>&#8216; by Prince there. Half of the crowd went nuts while the others didn’t know what hit them. [Dancer/choreographer] <a href="http://www.theguardian.pe.ca/Living/2011-04-12/article-2420135/Channeling-the-King-of-Pop/1" target="_blank">Steve Bolton</a> was in the crowd, and ran up to the booth. I showed him the cut—it had just come in at Starsound that night. So the crowd was not all trendsetters, but they loved their music. Hot clothes too!”</p>
<div id="attachment_328" style="width: 385px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Club-Z-GTO-___-CharlesK_ClubZ_2-e1329407486602.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-328" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Club-Z-GTO-___-CharlesK_ClubZ_2-e1329407486602.jpg" alt="Charles Khabouth (far left) and friends at Club Z" width="375" height="508" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Charles Khabouth (far left) and friends at Club Z</p></div>
<p><strong>Who else played there:</strong> Other Club Z residents included electro, freestyle and new wave DJs Chico and Sherwin, who also opened popular after hours spot Amadeus right around the corner.</p>
<p>“I used to make my pilgrimage down to Z to hear Sherwin,” says Johnbronski. “I loved the way he mixed stuff like<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6h9VW4ugXqM" target="_blank"> &#8216;I Love You</a>&#8216; by Yello with Pet Shop Boys and Depeche Mode—those were essentially house beat records before house was even a concept. He was ahead of the curve on that, and mixed on three turntables, taking pieces from here and there, and layering in acapellas.”</p>
<p>International guest DJs and performers at Club Z included Grandmaster Flash, Newcleus, De La Soul, and Joyce Sims.</p>
<p>Also interesting to note is that famed New York nightclub operator and restaurateur <a href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/jeffrey-jah-profile/" target="_blank">Jeffrey Jah</a> got his start producing parties at Club Z.</p>
<div id="attachment_322" style="width: 560px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Club-Z-GTO-___-11_St_Joseph_Street-e1329406870686.jpg"><img class="wp-image-322" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Club-Z-GTO-___-11_St_Joseph_Street-e1329406870686.jpg" alt="11A St. Joseph Street today" width="550" height="412" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">11A St. Joseph Street today</p></div>
<p><strong>What happened to it</strong>: Charles Khabouth sold Club Z to Warren Webley, father of Sunshine Sound Crew and owner of Sunshine Sound and Lighting, in 1987.</p>
<p>“I had opened up <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/11/then-now-stilife/" target="_blank">Stilife</a> and needed to focus strictly on that,” says Khabouth of the trendsetting, sophisticated spot he opened at Richmond and Duncan in 1986. “Although I was still involved with Club Z, it broke my heart to sell it.”</p>
<p>While DJ JC continued to play at Club Z, a lot of the house heads switched their allegiances fully to Twilight Zone.</p>
<p>Johnbronski, who began to work for Warren Webley as a DJ, sound tech and occasional doorman, recalls that his boss—also owner of <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-club-focus/">Club Focus</a> on Hagerman Street—closed Club Z’s doors for a period. It was re-opened as the new Club Focus in 1989. By that time, the area had become much rougher, with vandalism, muggings and overdoses all associated with the St Joseph Street clubs. Racist and homophobic skinheads were also a problem.</p>
<p>A young man named Jamie Withers was, in fact, stabbed and killed inside Club Z in 1989. His death is said to have prompted Webley to close Club Z and later re-open the space as Focus.</p>
<p>“My memory is that the fights and stuff were mushrooming and that I wanted to stay away from there,” says Johnbronski. “It was at a time when Toronto was beginning to go through a real urban expansion. I mean, think about it—it’s Toronto after hours, it’s near Yonge Street and we’re talking before Richmond and the whole club district existed. That area attracted a lot of everybody.”</p>
<p>11A St. Joseph later became dark after hours spot Playground. In the late ‘90s, Steve Ireson and partners cleaned the space up and opened it as The Pad. Between 2002 and 2004, 11 St. Joseph was redeveloped for residential use. It’s now marketed as <a href="http://www.condoforsaletoronto.ca/Eleven-Residences-11-St-Joseph-Street-Bay-Street-downtown-real-estate-condos-condominiums.html">Eleven Residencies.</a></p>
<p>As for Charles Khabouth and INK, they recently launched <a href="http://www.thegridto.com/life/society/the-night-shift-welcome-to-chroma/" target="_blank">Chroma</a> inside The Guvernment. Their newest nightclub, Cube, will open at the end of February, replacing INK&#8217;s Ultra club at 312 Queen West. Many Torontonians will most strongly associate this address with the <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/12/then-now-bamboo/" target="_blank">BamBoo</a>, a legendary restaurant and live music venue that was at the heart of Queen West for decades.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><em>Thank you to all who contributed to this piece, including Paul E. Lopes, Hal Wong, Steve Ireson, Carlos Mondesir and Chris Torella. Sadly, despite much searching, very little photographic evidence of Club Z could be found. Please let us know if you have photos!</em></p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-club-z/">Then &#038; Now: Club Z</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com">Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History</a>.</p>
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		<title>Then &amp; Now: Voodoo</title>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Sep 2014 15:52:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Denise Benson]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[1980s]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[After-hours]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dance Music]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Wave]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[5ive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[A Certain Ratio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Adam and the Ants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Backstreet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Biorhythm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brooklyn]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Century 66]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CKLN]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Colby's]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Danielle Gellatly]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Danny Regan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dave Allen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[DNA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Domino Klub]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Duran Duran]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fashion]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flock of Seagulls]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gay]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Goth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iain McPherson]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Isabel Moniz]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jack Layton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jennifer Gellatly]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[John Cooper Clarke]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Katrina's]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Klub Domino]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Le Tube]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Michael Gallow]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Michael Scott]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Michael Sweenie]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[New Order]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nuts & Bolts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Parachute Clothing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Patrick Cox]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Record Peddlar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ryan Carleton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Simple Minds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Spandau Ballet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[St. Joseph Street]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Garys]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tracy Graham]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Twilight Zone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Voodoo]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Yonge Street]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Photo of Voodoo coat check girls courtesy of Tracy Graham. Article originally published November 16, 2011 by The Grid&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-voodoo/">Then &#038; Now: Voodoo</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com">Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History</a>.</p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Photo of Voodoo coat check girls courtesy of Tracy Graham.</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><em>Article originally published November 16, 2011 by The Grid online (TheGridTO.com).</em></p>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">In this instalment of her nightclub-history series Then &amp; Now, Denise Benson looks back to a time when Toronto nightlife orbited around Yonge and St. Joseph thanks to early ‘80s after-hours haunt Voodoo, which brought goths, gays and fashionistas together—only to be brought down, ironically, by Jack Layton.</h4>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>BY: </strong><a title="Denise Benson" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/about/denise-benson/" target="_blank">DENISE BENSON</a></p>
<p><strong>Club</strong>: Voodoo, 9 St. Joseph</p>
<p><strong>Years in operation</strong>: 1981-1985</p>
<p><strong>History</strong>: To discuss this deeply influential alternative after-hours club space is to delve into a history of Toronto nightlife that was anchored around St. Joseph Street and the surrounding area from the late 1970s through the mid-’80s. It’s a history of emerging sounds and fashions, diverse sexualities and late-night community—all played out in a city centre then becoming increasingly residential.</p>
<p>Before Voodoo opened in August of 1981, the original Domino Klub on Isabella was home to punks, rockers and gays alike; there were boozecans along Yonge (most notably on the corner of Maitland Street, above vital clothing store South Pacific); and the addresses 5-9 St. Joseph housed rock bar The Forge at street level, with disco club Bellows above. St. Joseph was a key street for Toronto’s growing gay community; The Forge space became famed gay dance club Katrina’s, with neighbouring homo and mixed social spaces including <a href="http://www.discomusic.com/clubs-more/14620_0_6_0_C/" target="_blank">Le Tube</a>, St. Joseph Café, <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/10/then-now-stages/">Stages</a> and <a href="http://www.angelfire.com/rpg/clubmanitee/" target="_blank">Club Manatee</a>.</p>
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<p>Against this backdrop and above Katrina’s, Michael Gallow opened unlicensed, after-hours dance club Voodoo. He and DJ Dave Allen had already been involved in promoting <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/11/then-now-domino-klub/">Domino Klub</a> and “a series of after-hours uptown warehouse events,” but wanted “to create our own environment for the emerging fashion/music culture of the late ’70s and early ’80s. The theme of the club was—as stated on the brass plaque at street level—‘Metal Music in the Modern Jungle.’”</p>
<div id="attachment_45" style="width: 560px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-JenniferG-JCAndrew-Davidson.jpg"><img class="wp-image-45 size-full" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-JenniferG-JCAndrew-Davidson.jpg" alt="JenniferG,  JCAndrew, Davidson" width="550" height="426" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">JenniferG, JCAndrew, Davidson. Photo courtesy of Jennifer Gellatly.</p></div>
<p>Voodoo was open Friday and Saturday nights from midnight to dawn, with occasional fashion shows, concerts and other special events taking place before the dancing began (or on different nights of the week). The approach was low budget, with most areas painted fully black amid a minimalist lighting system. No matter. The creative people who partied there—it may have been unlicensed, but plenty of patrons snuck in booze and other “party favours”—added colour to a club where the main door policy was “no blue jeans.”</p>
<div id="attachment_1281" style="width: 614px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Danny-Regan-Dave-Allen.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1281" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Danny-Regan-Dave-Allen.jpg" alt="Lighting man Danny Regan (left) with DJ Dave Allen at Voodoo. Photo courtesy of Roy Paul." width="604" height="438" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Lighting man Danny Regan (left) with DJ Dave Allen at Voodoo. Photo courtesy of Roy Paul.</p></div>
<p><strong>Why it was important</strong>: Voodoo opened at a time when most licensed bars closed at 1 a.m. and crackdowns on boozecans meant that late-night dancing was mainly limited to gay discos. Voodoo added greatly to the musical soundscape of the day and became a hub for the fashion-minded, sexually adventurous avant-garde. Internationally renowned shoe designer <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Cox" target="_blank">Patrick Cox</a> was Voodoo’s first doorman/greeter and many staff members were immersed in new design and music forms.</p>
<p>“The uniqueness of Voodoo was its street-level vibe,” says owner Michael Gallow. “David Allen and Danny Regan [Voodoo’s lighting man] were part of the street scene in the neighbourhood and always kept everyone aware of happenings at the club. It was a very welcoming home for all those creative and fashion-forward individuals in the city. Many of the regulars were experimenting not only with their look, but their sexuality and relationships.”</p>
<div id="attachment_43" style="width: 434px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-MichaelSweenie_Isabel-Moniz-.jpg"><img class="wp-image-43 size-full" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-MichaelSweenie_Isabel-Moniz-.jpg" alt="Michael Sweenie and Isabel Moniz" width="424" height="604" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Michael Sweenie and Isabel Moniz. Photo courtesy of Michael Sweenie.</p></div>
<p>“I was a Voodoo regular and the inclusive attitude of the place is what made me dream of opening my own bar or club,” says Michael Sweenie (pictured above getting ready for a night out), now owner of Andy Poolhall on College Street. “Your sexuality was not what defined you at Voodoo, just the love of music and an individual fashion style or sense. It was also the first place I ever saw with washrooms that were gender neutral; there were just as many guys doing their makeup in the mirror as girls.”</p>
<p>Voodoo was a key place to hear bold new sounds pouring out of Europe, America and Toronto itself. Music not heard on the radio had a home here.</p>
<p>“I think Voodoo really made dance clubs that came after more open musically,” says Sweenie. “It brought new wave, punk and the New Romantic scene into other clubs that usually played disco only.”</p>
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<div id="attachment_42" style="width: 560px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-MichaelScott.jpg"><img class="wp-image-42 size-full" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-MichaelScott.jpg" alt="Michael Scott" width="550" height="452" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Michael Scott. Photo courtesy of Jennifer Gellatly.</p></div>
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<p>“Voodoo revived the post-bar dance scene and laid the groundwork for many of the late night places that came along,” Gallow summarizes, mentioning Biorhythm, Catwalk and <a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/08/then-now-the-twilight-zone/" target="_blank">Twilight Zone,</a> of which he speaks highly.</p>
<p>“I always think of the Twilight Zone as the yin to our yang,” says Gallow. “They helped introduce the emerging New York dance scene to the diverse people who were settling in Toronto from around the world. Our focus at Voodoo was very European and fashion-driven.”</p>
<p>DJs, such as myself, who came up playing in the alternative clubs of the mid/late-’80s owe a great deal to Voodoo and its legacy.</p>
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<div id="attachment_36" style="width: 499px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Ryan-Carleton_with-Danielle-Gellatly..jpg"><img class="wp-image-36" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Ryan-Carleton_with-Danielle-Gellatly..jpg" alt="Ryan Carleton with Danielle Gellatly." width="489" height="600" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Ryan Carleton and Danielle Gellatly. Photo courtesy of Ryan Carleton.</p></div>
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<p>“Voodoo was the club that opened my mind to both the culture and music that was exploding in the underground at that time,” agrees Iain McPherson a.k.a. DJ Iain, a Voodoo regular who brought that influence with him as he got his start spinning at 1980s alt-club Nuts &amp; Bolts. “Voodoo was groundbreaking and unique. It was unlike any of the mainstream clubs of its time or even the more ‘traditional’ underground clubs that followed.”</p>
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<div id="attachment_39" style="width: 414px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Todd-Trepanier.jpg"><img class="wp-image-39" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Todd-Trepanier.jpg" alt="Todd Trepanier" width="404" height="600" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Todd Trepanier. Photo courtesy of Tracy Graham.</p></div>
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<p><strong>Who played there</strong>: “Dave Allen was the spiritual soul of Voodoo,” says Michael Gallow of the DJ who shaped the club’s soundscape. Gallow may have purchased much of the club’s music—at the original Record Peddler, natch—but Allen broke ground with what he chose to highlight. He didn’t mix the songs—unlike jocks at Biorhythm and Twilight Zone, for example, who beat-matched—but Allen played the music first.</p>
<p>“In my mind and, no doubt, all those who were fortunate enough to experience it, Voodoo was the first truly modern, post-disco ‘underground’ music venue,” writes McPherson.</p>
<div id="attachment_35" style="width: 560px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Rob-Wheaton-Jennifer-Gellatly-Stephen-Butson.jpg"><img class="wp-image-35 size-full" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Rob-Wheaton-Jennifer-Gellatly-Stephen-Butson.jpg" alt="Rob Wheaton, Jennifer Gellantly, Stephen Butson" width="550" height="436" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Rob Wheaton, Jennifer Gellantly, Stephen Butson. Photo courtesy of Jennifer Gellatly.</p></div>
<p>&#8220;Dave Allen was a truly fearless DJ. One of my favourite memories is the week that Simple Minds’ <em><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Gold_Dream_(81%E2%80%9382%E2%80%9383%E2%80%9384)" target="_blank">New Gold Dream</a></em> album came out. Dave got on the mic at the height of prime time and announced, ‘This is the new Simple Minds album,’ put on side A and let it play straight through—while he joined everyone on the dancefloor. When the side came to an end, he ran back up the booth, flipped over the record, made a typically cryptic announcement, ‘Side B!,’ and played it through non-stop. The dancefloor remained packed throughout. Such was the adventurous, wonderfully musically open-minded nature of the crowd. This was a special venue at a special time in music. And we couldn’t get enough of it.”</p>
<div id="attachment_49" style="width: 489px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Tracy-Dave-and-Danny-479x3401.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-49" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Tracy-Dave-and-Danny-479x3401.jpg" alt="Tracy, Dave, Danny. Photo courtesy of Tracy Graham." width="479" height="340" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Tracy, Dave, Danny. Photo courtesy of Tracy Graham.</p></div>
<p>Voodoo also hosted fashion shows by Parachute Clothing, concerts promoted by <a href="http://www.garytopp.com/history.html" target="_blank">The Garys</a> (including A Certain Ratio, John Cooper Clarke, DNA, and The Professionals), and even plays like the Dora Award-winning musical <em>Sid’s Kids</em>. Cutting-edge guests often visited the club.</p>
<p>“We had an excellent relationship with visiting bands and hosted great parties with Duran Duran, Spandau Ballet, Adam and the Ants, New Order, Flock of Seagulls, and others,” recalls Gallow. “In that sense, Voodoo was a great symbiosis between the music and fashion biz.”</p>
<p>Sadly, despite the fact that CKLN 88.1FM broadcast <em>Radio Voodoo</em> live from the club for many months, I couldn’t locate any audio or video recordings to share.</p>
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<div id="attachment_38" style="width: 560px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Terri-New-Years-Eve.jpg"><img class="wp-image-38" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-GTO-___-Terri-New-Years-Eve.jpg" alt="Terri on New Years Eve" width="550" height="389" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Terri on New-Years Eve. Photo courtesy of Tracy Graham.</p></div>
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<p><strong>What happened to it</strong>: Voodoo closed its doors on February 2, 1985. The area had become increasingly residential and neighbours were unhappy with the late-night revelry. Many venues on St. Joseph faced fines, noise complaints and challenges over issues like not providing enough parking for customers.</p>
<p>“Interesting to note that our main adversary was Jack Layton, then the local Alderman,” says Gallow. “I understand his position in hindsight—he was acting on behalf of his constituents—but there were some acrimonious meetings about our existence. I felt that the energy that had driven the club was dissipating and it was better to go out on a high note.”</p>
<p>Gallow also opened trend-setting (and licensed) lounge/restaurant Century 66 at Yonge and Charles, and now owns marketing agency <a href="http://www.benchmarxdata.com/" target="_blank">Benchmarx Data Services</a>.</p>
<div id="attachment_782" style="width: 660px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-5-St.-Joseph_Nov2011_photo-by-Steve-Ireson.jpg"><img class="wp-image-782" src="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Voodoo-5-St.-Joseph_Nov2011_photo-by-Steve-Ireson.jpg" alt="5 St. Joseph in November 2011, during construction." width="650" height="416" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">5 St. Joseph, November 2011, mid construction. Photo courtesy of Steve Ireson.</p></div>
<p>Soon after Voodoo&#8217;s close, 9 St. Joseph opened as Backstreet, which drew a similarly mixed clientele, while Katrina&#8217;s continued downstairs at 5 St. Joseph. These addresses later went on to house a number of gay and after-hours spots, including Colby&#8217;s, Brooklyn and 5ive, with Level 3 Fitness also holding the lease at number 9 for years. Today, the entire corner of Yonge and St. Joseph is under construction to become FIVE Condominiums.</p>
<p>“It is fascinating to see the space today,” Gallow says. “The huge metal structure securing the building’s facade is worthy of a photo essay. The whole district was zoned for condos back in 1984 and guess where we are today. I doubt anyone who buys there now will have been a nightly visitor back then, but how romantic a notion if they were.”</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><em><strong>Thank you:</strong> to all who shared your thoughts and photos. Thanks also to Carlos Mondesir, David Heymes, Jill Cribbin, Kiki a.k.a. Kaos Theory, Steve Ireson and the members of Facebook group <a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/2395735901/" target="_blank">Voodoo Club Alumni</a> for your input.</em></p>
<p>The post <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com/2014/09/then-now-voodoo/">Then &#038; Now: Voodoo</a> appeared first on <a rel="nofollow" href="http://thenandnowtoronto.com">Then and Now: Toronto Nightlife History</a>.</p>
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